{"id":7136,"date":"2018-07-20T12:28:25","date_gmt":"2018-07-20T12:28:25","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.version1.com\/en-us\/?p=7136"},"modified":"2018-07-20T12:28:25","modified_gmt":"2018-07-20T12:28:25","slug":"aws-cpu-optimisation","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.version1.com\/en-us\/aws-cpu-optimisation\/","title":{"rendered":"AWS CPU Optimisation"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2>Tam Kyle, Principal Licensing Consultant, SAM &#038; License Management, Version 1 <\/h2>\n<p><em>In the following blog post, Version 1 <a href=\"https:\/\/www.version1.com\/resources\/software-asset-management-partner-2\/\">Software Asset Management<\/a> Expert Tam Kyle provides sample AWS CPU optimisation scenarios from a cost perspective following Oracle&#8217;s recent Cloud licensing update. <\/em><\/p>\n<p>It\u2019s not a surprise to most Oracle users that the company is encouraging customers to move towards \u2018cloudifying\u2019 wherever possible across their entire IT estate. Indeed, most of the major Cloud players are doing the same, with Amazon and Microsoft Azure leading the charge in terms of the features and functions available.<\/p>\n<p>As part of that encouragement, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.oracle.com\/us\/corporate\/pricing\/cloud-licensing-070579.pdf\">the recently altered cloud policy document<\/a> effectively doubles the license cost of providing an Oracle on AWS \/ Azure installation compared to a standard on-site or Oracle setup, specifically due to the section:<\/p>\n<p><strong><a href=\"http:\/\/www.oracle.com\/us\/corporate\/pricing\/cloud-licensing-070579.pdf\">For the purposes of licensing Oracle programs in an Authorized Cloud Environment, customers are required to count as follows:<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u2022 Amazon EC2 and RDS &#8211; count two vCPUs as equivalent to one Oracle Processor license if hyper-threading is enabled, and one vCPU as equivalent to one Oracle Processor license if hyper-threading is not enabled.<\/p>\n<p>\u2022 Microsoft Azure \u2013 count two vCPUs as equivalent to one Oracle Processor license if hyperthreading is enabled, and one vCPU as equivalent to one Oracle Processor license if hyperthreading is not enabled.<\/p>\n<p>When counting Oracle Processor license requirements in Authorized Cloud Environments, the Oracle Processor Core Factor Table is not applicable.<\/p>\n<p>In a sense there\u2019s a bit of logic to this &#8211; in a 2 thread (vCPU) scenario, it\u2019s possible to have each thread running on a separate physical core, and therefore it\u2019s correct that both cores are included in license calculations in some fashion \u2013 and that this is in line with other policy statements on so called \u2018hard partitioning\u2019 or sub-capacity licensing \u2013 for example the \u2018whole-core\u2019 position for Solaris LDoms.<\/p>\n<p>Last month Amazon sought to lessen this effect by introducing the ability to alter the vCPU setting on a group of EC2 instance shapes. At instance creation you can now specify a different number of cores and \/ or hyperthread count from the default associated with that instance type. So if you have a memory-intensive, CPU-light application you can now arguably have a customised EC2 instance that fits both needs \u2013 for example:<\/p>\n<p>An m5.12xlarge instance is by default 24 cores, with hyperthreading enabled \u2013 provisioning 48 vCPU.<\/p>\n<p>You can now change the vCPU setting for that instance to 2-48 vCPUs and have hyperthreading on or off (26-48 vCPU available with hyperthreading on) \u2013 so the following command run through the aws command line inteface (CLI):<\/p>\n<p>aws ec2 run-instances &#8211;image-id ami-ca0135b3 &#8211;instance-type m5.12xlarge &#8211;cpu-options &#8220;CoreCount=6,ThreadsPerCore=2&#8221; &#8211;key-name MyKeyPair will give you an m5.12xlarge shape but actually running 12 vCPU (6 cores hyperthreaded), whilst<\/p>\n<p>aws ec2 run-instances &#8211;image-id ami-ca0135b3 &#8211;instance-type m5.12xlarge &#8211;cpu-options &#8220;CoreCount=12,ThreadsPerCore=1&#8243; &#8211;key-name MyKeyPair<\/p>\n<p>will give you the same processor effect \u2013 12 vCPU, but this time it\u2019s across 12 cores not hyperthreading \u2013 which may benefit your application at run time over the first example due to the greater physical processing power.<\/p>\n<p>Running the describe-instances CLI command will show you the new options:<\/p>\n<p>\u2026initial output\u2026<br \/>\n\u201cCpuOptions&#8221;: {<br \/>\n&#8220;CoreCount&#8221;: 6,<br \/>\n&#8220;ThreadsPerCore&#8221;: 2<br \/>\n\u2026later output\u2026<\/p>\n<p><strong>OR<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u2026initial output<br \/>\n\u201cCpuOptions&#8221;: {<br \/>\n&#8220;CoreCount&#8221;: 12,<br \/>\n&#8220;ThreadsPerCore&#8221;: 1<br \/>\n\u2026later output\u2026<\/p>\n<p>These are for the hyperthreaded (ThreadsPerCore: 2) and non-hyperhtreaded (ThreadsPerCore: 1) variants.<\/p>\n<p>You can of course get similar output by connecting to your instance and running the LSCPU command or similar.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Note the following:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u2022 The cost of the instance DOESN\u2019T alter if you reduce the the cpu usage through this new functionality \u2013 you\u2019ll still pay for an m5.12xlarge instance in AWS terms \u2013 it\u2019s just that your true cpu consumption (and therefore arguably your Oracle license \/ support bill) will go down.<\/p>\n<p>\u2022 You can currently only specify the options within the AWS CLI, an AWS JDK or the AWS EC2 API.<\/p>\n<p>\u2022 You currently can\u2019t see the current allocation from the AWS console \u2013 you need to query the CLI or instance itself (by using something like LSCPU).<\/p>\n<p>\u2022 You can only do this at instance launch time \u2013 you can\u2019t modify after launch \u2013 you\u2019ll need to terminate the instance and start again if you want to make use of this function (or create a new customised instance and move your data).<\/p>\n<p>\u2022 You don\u2019t get more than the instance default \u2013 so you couldn\u2019t specify corecount=32 in the above m5.12xlarge example for instance.<\/p>\n<p>\u2022 Changing the instance type (e.g. from an m5 to an m4) after customising the cpu options will reset them \u2013 i.e. you\u2019ll go back to the default instance cpu options for the changed instance type<\/p>\n<p>\u2022 The cusomised CPU options remain across instance stop, start, reboot.<\/p>\n<p>Amazon have now extended the above capability by introducing similar to RDS \u2013 the database Platform as a Service offering \u2013 but only for Oracle DB.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Capability and commands are similar to the EC2 scenarios but there are a couple of differences:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u2022 The cost of the instance again DOESN\u2019T alter if you reduce the the CPU usage through this new functionality \u2013 you\u2019ll still pay for a db.m4.10xlarge instance in AWS terms as an example \u2013 it\u2019s just that your true cpu consumption (and therefore arguably your Oracle bill) will go down. (This applies to BYOL licensing of course. You aren\u2019t going to achieve anything with the license included option \u2013 though conceivably that might be a future enhancement).<\/p>\n<p>\u2022 You CAN modify the CPU settings after instance launch or during a restoration.<\/p>\n<p>\u2022 Again, you can\u2019t achieve more CPU than the instance default<\/p>\n<p>\u2022 You can see the current CPU customised allocation on the AWS console (though as of yet we don\u2019t seem to have that capability in the UK), or by using the relevant CLI commands.<\/p>\n<p><strong>AWS CPU Optimisation: On the license cost front what might this look like? Looking at the following 4 possible scenarios:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>1. An on-site setup &#8211; 12 \u2018threads\u2019 provisioned by 6 x86 intel hyperthreaded cores \u2013 eg a 1 socket HP DL390 Gen 9 running an E5-2643 v3 chip<\/p>\n<p>2. AWS EC2 default instance \u2013 m5.12xlarge \u2013 24 cores, two threads per core \u2013 48 vCPU.<\/p>\n<p>3. AWS EC2 12 \u2018threads\u2019 provided by our first attempt at CPU optimising this instance &#8211; corecount=6, threadspercore=2.<\/p>\n<p>4. AWS EC2 12 \u2018cores\u2019 provided by our second attempt at CPU optimising this instance \u2013 corecount=12, threadspercore=1.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Scenario 1<\/strong> &#8211; assuming \u2018normal\u2019 licensing (i.e. ignoring nuances) \u2013 6 cores * 0.5 Oracle Processor Core factor for Intel chips = 3 processor licenses.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Scenario 2<\/strong> \u2013 using the Oracle policy gives you 1 processor license per 2 vCPU \u2013 so 24 Processor licenses.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Scenario 3<\/strong> \u2013 vCPU is calculated by taking corecount multiplied by threadspercore \u2013 so that\u2019s arguably 6*2 = 12 vCPU, and at 2 vCPU per license that\u2019s 6 Processor licenses.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Scenario 4<\/strong> \u2013 vCPU = 12 again, BUT \u2013 this is now classed by Amazon as a non-hyperthreaded instance \u2013 we\u2019ve switched it off by applying threadspercore=1. So applying the policy this time \u2013 which says 1 vCPU = 1 processor license on non-hyperthreaded instances \u2013 that means 12 Processor licenses.<\/p>\n<p>That\u2019s a signficant spread of license requirement; minimum of 3 Processors, maximum of 24 Processors.<\/p>\n<p>You would more obviously use scenario 3 here \u2013 to retain somethig akin to the on-site setup \u2013 and it\u2019s obvious that something isn\u2019t quite right in scenario 4 \u2013 it sort of looks the same, but isn\u2019t really &#8211; you\u2019re really running across 12 cores, not 6.<\/p>\n<p>However, based on the available documentation (from Amazon) \u2013 it\u2019s 12vCPU and no hyperthreading \u2013 which needs twice as many licenses as scenario 3 which also has 12 vCPU. What\u2019s happened here is that we\u2019ve taken what would normally be classed by default as a \u2018hyperthreadable\u2019 instance, and made that a choice HT or not HT \u2013 with potential significant license implications.<\/p>\n<p>At this point there\u2019s no indication of any alteration to the policy by Oracle \u2013 though we may see some strengthening of the policy text to suggest that the current policy calculations must be done on the default (rather than the cpu cusomised) instance attributes. For now, it\u2019s based on the vCPU allocation.<\/p>\n<p>For now, this document considers Database Enterprise Edition and products with typical Processor definitions and therefore shouldn\u2019t be applied to Standard Edition products.<\/p>\n<p><strong>The take-away?<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Amazon have given yet another set of flexibility options, which in part helps mitigate Oracle\u2019s stance on licensing in non-Oracle cloud. These might provide significant potential to lower the license costs of using AWS EC2 and RDS.<\/p>\n<p>However, you need to ensure that what you assume is the case (license cost calculation based on instance shape) \u2013 is in fact the reality (has it been CPU customised?) \u2013 or that you\u2019ve correctly altered the cpu options to your advantage. And finally, that you can extract the relevant information to back that up, from the console, cli or raw instance \u2013 in the event of an audit or as part of your BAU SAM processes.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Tam Kyle, Principal Licensing Consultant, SAM &#038; License Management, Version 1 In the following blog post, Version 1 Software Asset Management Expert Tam Kyle provides sample AWS CPU optimisation scenarios from a cost perspective following Oracle&#8217;s recent Cloud licensing update. It\u2019s not a surprise to most Oracle users that the company is encouraging customers to [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":0,"featured_media":7137,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"content-type":"","inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[101],"tags":[125,113,126,127,102],"industry":[],"class_list":["post-7136","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-blog","tag-aws","tag-azure","tag-oracle","tag-sam","tag-sam-home"],"acf":[],"translations":[{"blog_id":1,"post_id":7136,"name":"Europe","code":"EN-GB","hreflang":"en-gb","url":"https:\/\/www.version1.com\/blog\/aws-cpu-optimisation\/","is_current":false},{"blog_id":13,"post_id":7136,"name":"Americas","code":"EN-US","hreflang":"en-us","url":"https:\/\/www.version1.com\/en-us\/aws-cpu-optimisation\/","is_current":true}],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v28.4 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>AWS CPU Optimisation | Version 1 (US)<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Discover the latest in cloud innovation with Tam Kyle. 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